Understanding IA, EE, and TOK
Navigate the core components of the IB Diploma Programme with confidence and strategic planning
The IB Diploma Programme's three core components—Internal Assessment (IA), Extended Essay (EE), and Theory of Knowledge (TOK)—distinguish it from other educational programmes. These components develop critical thinking, research skills, and international-mindedness while encouraging students to make connections across their learning.
The Three Core Components
Internal Assessment (IA)
Subject-specific coursework completed during the programme
- Varies by subject (essays, experiments, investigations)
- Internally marked by teachers, externally moderated
- Develops research and analytical skills
- Allows exploration of personal interests within curriculum
Extended Essay (EE)
4,000-word independent research project
- Original research on student-chosen topic
- Supervised by a teacher mentor
- Develops university-level research skills
- Available in most IB subjects and interdisciplinary topics
Theory of Knowledge (TOK)
Critical thinking course about knowledge itself
- Explores how we know what we know
- Connects different areas of knowledge
- Includes presentation and essay components
- Develops critical thinking and reflection skills
Internal Assessment (IA) by Subject
Each subject has unique IA requirements. Here are examples of typical IA projects across different subjects:
Biology
Laboratory investigation into enzyme activity
Chemistry
Quantitative analysis of vitamin C content
Physics
Investigation of pendulum motion
Mathematics
Mathematical modeling of real-world phenomena
English Literature
Analysis of works not studied in class
History
Historical investigation of local significance
Psychology
Replication or modification of a classic study
Economics
Analysis of economic concepts in current events
Important Note
IA requirements and word limits vary significantly by subject. Always consult your teacher and the official IB guide for your specific subject.
Extended Essay (EE) Subject Areas
The Extended Essay can be written in any of the following subject areas. Choose one that aligns with your interests and university plans:
EE Assessment Criteria
- Focus and Method: Clear research question and appropriate methodology
- Knowledge and Understanding: Subject knowledge demonstration
- Critical Thinking: Analysis, synthesis, and evaluation
- Presentation: Structure, clarity, and academic formatting
- Engagement: Intellectual initiative and self-direction
EE Success Tips
- Choose a topic you're genuinely passionate about
- Ensure sufficient resources are available
- Formulate a clear, focused research question
- Meet regularly with your supervisor
Theory of Knowledge (TOK)
TOK explores knowledge questions across eight Areas of Knowledge (AOKs), encouraging students to think critically about how knowledge is constructed and validated:
Mathematics
How mathematical knowledge is constructed and validated
Natural Sciences
Scientific method and the nature of scientific knowledge
Human Sciences
Knowledge in psychology, sociology, and anthropology
The Arts
Artistic knowledge and aesthetic understanding
History
Historical knowledge and interpretation
Ethics
Moral knowledge and ethical reasoning
Religious Knowledge Systems
Faith-based knowledge and belief systems
Indigenous Knowledge Systems
Traditional ways of knowing
TOK Assessment
TOK Exhibition (33%)
- • Display of 3 objects with commentary
- • 950 words total (max 300 per object)
- • Responds to one of 35 prescribed prompts
TOK Essay (67%)
- • 1,600-word analytical essay
- • Choose from 6 prescribed titles
- • Explores knowledge questions across AOKs
Success Strategies
Internal Assessment
- Start early and plan your timeline carefully
- Choose a topic that genuinely interests you
- Follow the assessment criteria closely
- Seek regular feedback from your teacher
- Keep detailed records of your process
Extended Essay
- Select a focused, researchable question
- Work closely with your supervisor
- Use proper academic sources and citations
- Create a realistic research timeline
- Keep a detailed research journal
Theory of Knowledge
- Engage actively in class discussions
- Make connections between different subjects
- Practice critical thinking daily
- Use real-world examples in assessments
- Reflect on your own learning process
Official Resources
Master Your IB Core Components
Get expert guidance on IA projects, Extended Essay research, and TOK assessment preparation. Our specialized tutors help you excel in all three core components.